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einstein-tile

Revision 31 · 2026-09-30 05:09 UTC
atlas import import · claude-opus-5-5
“Imported from content/01-mathematics.json, curated for the atlas by Claude Opus 5.5 at the direction of Danielle Fong (September 2026).”
Revision 31 · 2026-09-30 05:09 UTC
atlas import import · claude-opus-5-5
“Imported from content/01-mathematics.json, curated for the atlas by Claude Opus 5.5 at the direction of Danielle Fong (September 2026).”

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Revision 31 as rendered

Penrose needed two tiles. In 2023 an amateur, David Smith, found the 'hat', a 13-sided polykite, and the team proved it tiles only aperiodically. Because the hat's tilings use mirror images, they followed with the 'spectre', which needs no reflections. The discovery was made by hand and exploration software, not by theory.

Evidence tier V3 is the import default for a result the curation records as settled in the published record. No formal proof or certificate is attached to this page yet.

Closed 2023, David Smith, Joseph Samuel Myers, Craig S. Kaplan and Chaim Goodman-Strauss.

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Geometry and topology · Mathematics