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long-duration-storage

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Revision 208 · 2026-09-30 05:09 UTC
atlas import import · claude-opus-5-5
“Imported from content/11-engineering.json, curated for the atlas by Claude Opus 5.5 at the direction of Danielle Fong (September 2026).”

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Source +23 −0

+---
+title: Cheap long-duration energy storage
+kind: problem
+status: open
+year: 2010
+statement: Can electricity be stored for days to seasons at a cost that makes a mostly renewable grid reliable?
+space: energy
+---
 
+Lithium-ion batteries have fallen in cost by about 90% since 2010 and dominate storage up to about four hours. Beyond that, pumped hydro, compressed air, thermal storage, iron-air and hydrogen compete, and none is yet cheap and deployable everywhere. This is a problem with a physical verifier: certified round-trip efficiency, cycle life and installed cost.
+ 
+## What would settle it
+ 
+Certified round-trip efficiency and cost per kWh on a test stand
+ 
+## Related problems
+ 
+- The original curation links this problem to [[related::Problem:thermophotovoltaic-efficiency|High-efficiency thermophotovoltaics]]; the argument for the link has not been written yet.
+ 
+## Sources
+ 
+- [Wikipedia: Grid energy storage](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grid_energy_storage)
+ 
+[[Space:energy|Energy]] · [[Continent:engineering|Engineering]]

Revision 208 as rendered

Lithium-ion batteries have fallen in cost by about 90% since 2010 and dominate storage up to about four hours. Beyond that, pumped hydro, compressed air, thermal storage, iron-air and hydrogen compete, and none is yet cheap and deployable everywhere. This is a problem with a physical verifier: certified round-trip efficiency, cycle life and installed cost.

What would settle it

Certified round-trip efficiency and cost per kWh on a test stand

Sources

Energy · Engineering